Drug Testing Locations - Crescent, CO

Drug Testing in Crescent, CO

Crescent, Colorado Statistics

In Crescent, Colorado, located in Boulder County, opioid overdoses increased by 15% between 2021 and 2022.

Crescent, in Boulder County, reported a 10% rise in methamphetamine-related arrests from 2020 to 2022.

In Boulder County, where Crescent is located, 30% of substance abuse treatment admissions involved heroin in 2022.

Alcohol remains the most abused substance in Crescent, Boulder County, with over 40% of admissions in 2022.

Boulder County, including Crescent, saw a 25% increase in fentanyl seizures in 2023 compared to the year before.

Crescent, CO in Boulder County reported a 12% increase in drug-related emergency room visits in 2022.

How does the body eliminate Drugs

Drug elimination is the sum of the processes of removing an administered drug from the body. In the pharmacokinetic ADME scheme (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion), it is frequently considered to encompass both metabolism and excretion. Hydrophobic drugs, to be excreted, must undergo metabolic modification making them more polar. Hydrophilic drugs, on the other hand, can undergo excretion directly, without the need for metabolic changes to their molecular structures.

Although many sites of metabolism and excretion exist, the chief organ of metabolism is the liver, while the organ primarily tasked with excretion is the kidney. Any significant dysfunction in either organ can result in the accumulation of the drug or its metabolites in toxic concentrations.

A variety of other factors impact elimination — intrinsic drug properties, such as polarity, size, or pKa. Also other factors include genetic variation among individuals, disease states affecting other organs, and pathways involved in the way the drug distributes through the body, such as first-pass metabolism.

Issues of Concern

Drug elimination is the removal of an administered drug from the body. It is accomplished in two ways, either by excretion of an unmetabolized drug in its intact form or by metabolic biotransformation followed by excretion. While excretion is primarily carried out by the kidneys, other organ systems are involved as well. Similarly, the liver is the primary site of biotransformation, yet extrahepatic metabolism takes place in a variety of organ systems affecting multiple drugs.

Given the multiple organ systems and the variety of metabolic transformations present, drug elimination can entail a significant degree of complexity. Hydrophilic drugs are typically directly excreted by the kidneys, while hydrophobic drugs undergo biotransformation before excretion. The purpose here is twofold – biotransformation serves both detoxify the exogenous substances as well as to increase their hydrophilicity, ensuring their elimination via the kidneys.

Two broad metabolic pathways of hepatic drug transformation exist. Phase I is the direct modification of the target molecule, whereas phase II entails conjugation of the target to a polar molecule of low molecular weight. Phase I prepare the drug to enter phase II, but single-phase metabolism also exists.

Phase I involves oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis of the exogenous molecule. These reactions are accomplished by hepatic microsomal enzymes, which reside in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of the hepatocytes. Best known among them is the cytochrome P450 system, whose enzymes are predominantly involved in oxidative metabolism. Within the cytochrome P450 family (CYP), the enzyme responsible for the metabolism of more than 50% of existing drugs is the CYP3A4. Its activity encompasses various classes of medications, including opioids, immunosuppressants, antihistamines, and benzodiazepines. The enzymes can also be induced or inhibited by a variety of substances they interact with, including pharmaceuticals. The increase in metabolic activity with CYP induction results in a diminished activity of drugs targeted by that particular isoform. Conversely, CYP inhibition will result in increased drug plasma concentration, potentially leading toxicity. The CYP3A4 is induced by phenytoin, phenobarbital, and St. John's wort, while diltiazem, erythromycin, and grapefruit inhibit it. Caution is, therefore, necessary when administering CYP3A4-metabolized drugs in the presence of any of the inhibitors or inducers.

Phase II consists of covalent bonding of polar groups to nonpolar molecules to render them water-soluble and allow renal or biliary excretion. Target molecules enter phase II directly or via initial processing through phase I. A variety of polar adjuncts is transferred, including amino acids, glucuronic acid, glutathione, acetate, and sulfate. Glucuronidation is one of the major pathways of phase II biotransformation. The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzyme family performs this activity. Typically, glucuronide derivatives possess less or no activity of the original drug, but in some cases, pharmacologically active compounds result. Morphine-6-glucuronide is a phase II metabolite of morphine with significant analgesic activity. As with the CYP enzymes, inducers, and inhibitors of phase II, enzymes exist and may influence the efficacy of drugs that rely on conjugation before excretion.

The first-pass effect is a feature of hepatic metabolism that also plays a role in the elimination of multiple drugs. Here, the enteric consumed drugs are exposed directly to the liver via the portal vein, where they undergo biotransformation before entering the systemic circulation. This activity reduces the bioavailability and needs to be factored into the dose administered to the patient. Intravenously administered drugs are not subject to the first-pass effect.

Extrahepatic drug metabolism takes place in the GI tract, kidneys, lungs, plasma, and skin.

Renal excretion completes the process of elimination that begins in the liver. Polar drugs or their metabolites get filtered in the kidneys and typically do not undergo reabsorption. They subsequently get excreted in the urine. Urinary pH has a significant impact on excretion, as drug ionization changes depending on the alkaline or acidic environment. Increased excretion occurs with weakly acidic drugs in basic urine and weakly basic drugs in acidic urine.

Excretion in the bile is another significant form of drug elimination. The liver can actively secrete ionized drugs with a molecular weight greater than 300 g/mol into bile, from where they reach the digestive tract and are either eliminated in feces or reabsorbed as part of the enterohepatic cycle.

Other pathways of excretion include the lungs, breast milk, sweat, saliva, and tears

Employers in Crescent, CO & Drug Testing Policies

Employers in Crescent, CO recognize the importance of maintaining a drug-free workplace. Many have implemented rigorous drug testing policies to ensure safety and productivity. These policies often include pre-employment screenings and random tests to deter substance abuse among employees. Colorado Department of Labor and Employment provides guidance on establishing effective drug testing protocols.

Local companies also offer employee assistance programs (EAPs) to support workers facing substance abuse issues. These programs typically include counseling services, referrals to rehabilitation facilities, and recovery support, aiming to provide comprehensive help and aid in overcoming addiction challenges.

Government Efforts with Drug Problems in Crescent, CO

The government of Crescent, CO, in Boulder County, has ramped up efforts to tackle drug abuse by increasing funding for local rehabilitation centers. These initiatives seek to provide effective treatment programs and help individuals reintegrate into society. Colorado Department of Human Services offers resources and support for those struggling with addiction.

In addition to state efforts, federal partnerships have been strengthened to support local law enforcement in Crescent, CO. The city collaborates with agencies such as the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) to track and combat drug trafficking. These joint efforts aim to reduce the availability of illegal substances and protect local communities.

Local Drug Busts & News in Crescent, CO

Crescent, CO, has witnessed several high-profile drug busts in recent years, highlighting the ongoing battle against drug trafficking in Boulder County. Local authorities, often in collaboration with state and federal agencies, have successfully dismantled distribution networks for substances like fentanyl and methamphetamine.

Public awareness campaigns accompany these enforcement actions, aiming to educate the community on the dangers of drug abuse and the resources available for those in need. Such campaigns seek to foster a safer environment and reduce the stigma associated with seeking help for addiction-related issues.

Occupational Health Services

Accredited Drug Testing offers fast, reliable employment screening services in Crescent, CO. Trusted by employers nationwide for accurate results and exceptional service.

Colorado DOT/Non DOT Physicals

Colorado Vision Tests

Colorado Audiograms

Colorado Respirator Fit Tests

Colorado Lift Tests

Colorado Background Checks

Clinical Testing Services

TB Testing in CO

Diabetes Testing in CO

Infectious Disease Testing in CO

Sickle Cell Anemia Testing in CO

Women/Men's Health Testing in CO

Resources & Citations

Colorado Crisis Services

Center for Recovery C.A.R.E.S.

Mile High Behavioral Healthcare

Carondelet Health Network

Arapahoe County Substance Abuse & Mental Health Center

Mental Health Partners

Alcohol Rehab Guide

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

Alcohol and Drug Abuse Division of Colorado

Drug Testing Near Crescent, CO

Wallstreet, CO

Bonanza Mountain Estates, CO

Crisman, CO

St. Ann Highlands, CO

Seven Hills, CO

Saint Ann Highlands, CO

Boulder, CO

Sugarloaf, CO

Bald Mountain, CO

Mountain Meadows, CO

Marshall, CO

Tall Timber, CO

Pinecliffe, CO

Eldorado Springs, CO

Wondervu, CO

Frequently Asked Questions

Customer Reviews