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At our 39 facilities in the Toano, Virginia vicinity, Accredited Drug Testing delivers full-spectrum drug and alcohol testing services. Catering to both DOT and non-DOT requirements, we conduct urine and breath alcohol tests, EtG screenings, and hair analyses for individuals, businesses, and legal purposes. In Toano, VA, we ensure swift testing results alongside SAMSA certified lab evaluations, with most locations conveniently close to you. Our offerings extend to Occupational Health Testing, Clinical Testing, and Background Checks.
Dial (800) 221-4291 or register through our website. Choose your desired test and a nearby center—ideal for personal, employee, or third-party testing. Facilitating a test is quick and straightforward; reach out to our scheduling team or book your test online any time. Our efficient system ensures seamless coordination of drug tests near Toano.
* You must register by phone or online to receive your donor pass/registration prior to proceeding to the testing center. You must bring a valid government issued ID along with the registration/barcode number which was sent to you by email.
When you're searching for drug testing near me or drug testing locations, we provide a simple and convenient process to find a drug and alcohol testing location near you that is certified to provide all of your drug and alcohol testing needs.
At our Toano drug testing collection sites, Accredited Drug Testing provides one of the widest selections of drug and alcohol testing services available. Whether you're an employer, attorney, court, or private individual, we offer both DOT and non-DOT testing options—ranging from rapid tests to comprehensive lab-based screenings—capable of detecting nearly any substance.
DOT Drug Testing and Requirements
DOT Employer Drug Policy Development
If you're an employer needing to test 25 or more employees and looking to save time and money, we offer mobile on-site drug testing where we come to you. Call us today for more information.
In Toano, Williamsburg-James City County, opioid overdoses increased by 35% from 2020 to 2021.
Williamsburg-James City County ranked in the top 10% of Virginia for prescription drug abuse cases reported in 2021.
Toano, in Williamsburg-James City County, saw a 15% rise in heroin-related arrests in 2022.
In 2022, there were over 40 reported cases of drug manufacturing and distribution in Toano.
In Williamsburg-James City County, emergency calls due to substance abuse doubled in 2021.
Fentanyl detected in over half of drug-related deaths in Williamsburg-James City County in 2022.
Drug elimination is the sum of the processes of removing an administered drug from the body. In the pharmacokinetic ADME scheme (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion), it is frequently considered to encompass both metabolism and excretion. Hydrophobic drugs, to be excreted, must undergo metabolic modification making them more polar. Hydrophilic drugs, on the other hand, can undergo excretion directly, without the need for metabolic changes to their molecular structures.
Although many sites of metabolism and excretion exist, the chief organ of metabolism is the liver, while the organ primarily tasked with excretion is the kidney. Any significant dysfunction in either organ can result in the accumulation of the drug or its metabolites in toxic concentrations.
A variety of other factors impact elimination — intrinsic drug properties, such as polarity, size, or pKa. Also other factors include genetic variation among individuals, disease states affecting other organs, and pathways involved in the way the drug distributes through the body, such as first-pass metabolism.
Drug elimination is the removal of an administered drug from the body. It is accomplished in two ways, either by excretion of an unmetabolized drug in its intact form or by metabolic biotransformation followed by excretion. While excretion is primarily carried out by the kidneys, other organ systems are involved as well. Similarly, the liver is the primary site of biotransformation, yet extrahepatic metabolism takes place in a variety of organ systems affecting multiple drugs.
Given the multiple organ systems and the variety of metabolic transformations present, drug elimination can entail a significant degree of complexity. Hydrophilic drugs are typically directly excreted by the kidneys, while hydrophobic drugs undergo biotransformation before excretion. The purpose here is twofold – biotransformation serves both detoxify the exogenous substances as well as to increase their hydrophilicity, ensuring their elimination via the kidneys.
Two broad metabolic pathways of hepatic drug transformation exist. Phase I is the direct modification of the target molecule, whereas phase II entails conjugation of the target to a polar molecule of low molecular weight. Phase I prepare the drug to enter phase II, but single-phase metabolism also exists.
Phase I involves oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis of the exogenous molecule. These reactions are accomplished by hepatic microsomal enzymes, which reside in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of the hepatocytes. Best known among them is the cytochrome P450 system, whose enzymes are predominantly involved in oxidative metabolism. Within the cytochrome P450 family (CYP), the enzyme responsible for the metabolism of more than 50% of existing drugs is the CYP3A4. Its activity encompasses various classes of medications, including opioids, immunosuppressants, antihistamines, and benzodiazepines. The enzymes can also be induced or inhibited by a variety of substances they interact with, including pharmaceuticals. The increase in metabolic activity with CYP induction results in a diminished activity of drugs targeted by that particular isoform. Conversely, CYP inhibition will result in increased drug plasma concentration, potentially leading toxicity. The CYP3A4 is induced by phenytoin, phenobarbital, and St. John's wort, while diltiazem, erythromycin, and grapefruit inhibit it. Caution is, therefore, necessary when administering CYP3A4-metabolized drugs in the presence of any of the inhibitors or inducers.
Phase II consists of covalent bonding of polar groups to nonpolar molecules to render them water-soluble and allow renal or biliary excretion. Target molecules enter phase II directly or via initial processing through phase I. A variety of polar adjuncts is transferred, including amino acids, glucuronic acid, glutathione, acetate, and sulfate. Glucuronidation is one of the major pathways of phase II biotransformation. The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzyme family performs this activity. Typically, glucuronide derivatives possess less or no activity of the original drug, but in some cases, pharmacologically active compounds result. Morphine-6-glucuronide is a phase II metabolite of morphine with significant analgesic activity. As with the CYP enzymes, inducers, and inhibitors of phase II, enzymes exist and may influence the efficacy of drugs that rely on conjugation before excretion.
The first-pass effect is a feature of hepatic metabolism that also plays a role in the elimination of multiple drugs. Here, the enteric consumed drugs are exposed directly to the liver via the portal vein, where they undergo biotransformation before entering the systemic circulation. This activity reduces the bioavailability and needs to be factored into the dose administered to the patient. Intravenously administered drugs are not subject to the first-pass effect.
Extrahepatic drug metabolism takes place in the GI tract, kidneys, lungs, plasma, and skin.
Renal excretion completes the process of elimination that begins in the liver. Polar drugs or their metabolites get filtered in the kidneys and typically do not undergo reabsorption. They subsequently get excreted in the urine. Urinary pH has a significant impact on excretion, as drug ionization changes depending on the alkaline or acidic environment. Increased excretion occurs with weakly acidic drugs in basic urine and weakly basic drugs in acidic urine.
Excretion in the bile is another significant form of drug elimination. The liver can actively secrete ionized drugs with a molecular weight greater than 300 g/mol into bile, from where they reach the digestive tract and are either eliminated in feces or reabsorbed as part of the enterohepatic cycle.
Other pathways of excretion include the lungs, breast milk, sweat, saliva, and tears
Employers in Toano, VA, are actively implementing drug testing policies as part of pre-employment screenings and random checks. Many businesses adhere to guidelines established by the U.S. Department of Labor and prioritize maintaining a safe work environment.
James City County’s employers often collaborate with the Virginia State Government to align policies with state-level objectives for reducing workplace drug use. Regular training and awareness campaigns highlight the health risks associated with substance abuse among employees.
The collaborative efforts between local businesses and government agencies result in proactive measures ensuring community safety and compliance with current regulations. Initiatives also focus on rehabilitation benefits for employees, emphasizing support rather than punitive measures.
The government of Toano, Virginia, through localized initiatives and police partnerships, focuses on tackling the rising drug issues. Key strategies include educational programs and support services provided by the Williamsburg-James City County Public Schools and the James City County Government.
State efforts reflect in programs offered by the Virginia Department of Health. They provide resources to address substance abuse and deliver training to community leaders. Enhanced collaboration with the Drug Enforcement Administration enhances regional efforts against drug trafficking.
Toano has witnessed several high-profile drug busts, particularly focusing on opioids, with coordinated operations led by the James City County Police Department. These efforts have been significant in curbing the distribution of illegal substances within the region.
In 2022, a joint operation with the FBI culminated in dismantling a regional drug trafficking ring. The operation included arrests and the seizure of significant quantities of illegal drugs, which highlighted the collaborative effort between state and federal authorities.
Community events in Toano also focus on education and prevention, aiming to reduce drug use among youth and providing resources for addiction recovery. These initiatives serve to increase public awareness and involvement in combating the local drug issue.
Accredited Drug Testing offers fast, reliable employment screening services in Toano, VA. Trusted by employers nationwide for accurate results and exceptional service.
Chesterfield County Addiction Recovery
Magellan of Virginia
Virginia Department of Health Behavioral Services
Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services
Carilion Clinic Addiction Recovery
James City County Substance Abuse Services
James City County Police Department
Road to Recovery VA
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Trish last week and Tatiana this week, very fun and easy folks to deal with. Well be using them more and more in the future.
Tom O - 12/19/2024
Trish was amazing and got me through the sytem very fast and swift. I had a hard time hearing her a couple of times, but she was super sweet and helpful throughout the process. Highly recommend her!
Sophia Schutze - 6/19/2024
I've had to use this service twice for out of state physicians we've hired and both times it was super easy. Both customer service reps I spoke with were super helpful and courteous. I won't hesitate to use their service again if needed.
Alicia Rau - 6/19/2024