Urine| Hair Follicle | Oral Fluid | Blood | ETG
Hair testing is recognized as an effective means for detecting drug and alcohol consumption. Hair captures long-term evidence of alcohol and drug use by embedding biomarkers in the strands of hair as they grow. When collected near the scalp, hair can reveal drug and alcohol use for up to around three months. It is straightforward to collect, relatively hard to tamper with, and easy to send.
A hair sample measuring 1.5 inches and consisting of approximately 200 strands (similar to a #2 pencil's thickness) closest to the scalp offers 100mg of hair, the recommended amount for both screening and verification. For EtG, supplemental tests, or tests exceeding 10 panels, 150mg of hair is advised. It is suggested to use a jeweler’s scale to weigh the sample. If scalp hair isn’t available, an equivalent amount of body hair can be used. “Head hair” is referred to specifically as scalp hair. The term "Body hair" applies to other types of hair (like facial, axillary, etc.).
Process Overview
The laboratory processing of a drug test result comprises four key stages: Accessioning, Screening, Extraction, and Confirmation.
Accessioning is the first step where the sample is processed into a lab’s system. It involves ensuring the sample is properly sealed and shipped, assigning a unique LAN (Laboratory Accessioning Number), and completing additional data entry tasks not provided electronically.
Screening acts as a preliminary check for illicit drug use. While it is a cost-efficient method for most samples to determine drug usage, results showing positive must be confirmed to be valid in legal contexts. Samples with presumptive positives undergo secondary confirmation.
For a presumptive positive during Screening, extra hair is taken from the initial sample for Extraction. Here, drugs are isolated from hair at significantly lower concentrations than other tests (e.g., urine or oral fluid), demonstrating the complexity of hair drug screening.
Any positive found in the screening process is confirmed through GC/MS, GC/MS/MS, or LC/MS/MS. Presumptive positive samples undergo a cleaning process before confirmation if required. The entire lab routine from Accessioning through Confirmation is evaluated based on both the CAP (College of American Pathologists) Hair category and ISO / IEC 17025 accreditation standards.
Advantages of hair drug testing:
Limitations:
Note: The term "hair follicle tests" is commonly used, but the analysis actually involves the hair strand, not the follicle beneath the scalp.
Why Hair Follicle Testing Beats Urine Testing in Vidal, CA
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Tamper-Resistant Testing Method in Vidal, CA
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