Urine| Hair Follicle | Oral Fluid | Blood | ETG
Hair analysis is now recognized as a key method for detecting drug and alcohol consumption. Hair encases biomarkers within the strands as it grows, offering a long-term record of alcohol and drug usage. When taken directly from the scalp, hair allows for an approximately three-month detection period for alcohol and drugs. Collection is straightforward, difficult to tamper with, and simple to send.
A sample of around 200 hair strands measuring 1.5 inches (about the thickness of a #2 pencil) from near the scalp equates to 100mg, which is the perfect amount for both screening and confirmation. For EtG, additional tests, or panels beyond 10, a specimen of 150mg is advisable. We suggest using a jeweler’s scale to measure the specimen. If scalp hair is not an option, the same amount of body hair can be utilized. When mentioning head hair, we specifically refer to scalp hair, while body hair covers all other types (facial, axillary, etc.).
Process Overview
The main procedures within the laboratory analysis of a drug test result include Accessioning, Screening, Extraction, and Confirmation.
Accessioning is the primary handling of a sample within a lab system. This stage ensures the sample was properly sealed and transported, assigns a random LAN (Laboratory Accessioning Number), and completes any needed supplemental data entry not covered by an electronic chain of custody.
Screening provides an initial rapid assessment for possible drug presence. Although Screening is an economical approach to eliminate drug use in many cases, any screened positives require Confirmation for legal validity. Presumptively positive samples during Screening necessitate further confirmation.
For samples assumed positive during Screening, additional hair is taken from the initial sample and set aside for Extraction. This phase involves extracting drugs from hair at notably lower concentrations than alternative methods (such as urine or oral fluids), proving why hair drug testing is the most challenging technique.
Positive screening outcomes undergo Confirmation through GC/MS, GC/MS/MS, or LC/MS/MS. All presumptive positives are cleaned before confirmation if necessary. The entire laboratory protocol from Accessioning to Confirmation is evaluated under both the CAP (College of American Pathologists) Hair standard and ISO / IEC 17025 accreditation.
Advantages of hair drug testing:
Limitations:
Note: Frequently termed "hair follicle tests," these tests analyze the hair strand, not the follicle beneath the scalp.
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