Urine| Hair Follicle | Oral Fluid | Blood | ETG
Regarded as a highly effective method, hair testing is utilized for identifying drug and alcohol usage. Hair captures a long-term record of substances by encasing markers within the fibers as the hair grows. When hair is gathered near the scalp, it can furnish a detection period of up to around three months for drugs and alcohol. Collection is straightforward, tampering is relatively challenging, and shipment is convenient.
A specimen measuring 1.5 inches consisting of roughly 200 hair shafts (comparable to a #2 pencil) closest to the scalp yields 100mg of hair, which is an optimal sample size for screening and confirmation. For EtG extensions, and/or panels exceeding 10 tests, 150mg of the sample is advised. We suggest using a jeweler’s scale to weigh the sample. If scalp hair is not accessible, a similar quantity of body hair might be collected. When mentioning head hair, it specifically refers to scalp hair. Body hair encompasses all other varieties of hair (such as facial, axillary, etc.).
Process Overview
The primary stages in the lab processing of a drug test outcome include Accessioning, Screening, Extraction, and Confirmation.
Accessioning deals with the initial entry of a sample into a lab’s system. This step ensures that the sample was sealed and transported adequately, allocates a random LAN (Laboratory Accessioning Number), and addresses any additional data input not accommodated by an electronic chain of custody protocol.
Screening provides a preliminary examination for drugs of abuse. Though it is an economical approach to identify drug usage for the majority of samples, a positive screen necessitates verification to be valid in legal contexts. Any samples deemed possibly positive in Screening must undergo further confirmation.
If a sample is determined to be possibly positive during Screening, additional hair is extracted from the original sample and readied for Extraction. During this process, drugs are isolated from hair at a significantly reduced concentration than other methods (e.g., urine or oral swabs), rendering hair drug screening the most challenging methodology to execute.
Confirmation for any positive outcomes from screening is carried out using GC/MS, GC/MS/MS, or LC/MS/MS. Each sample initially marked as positive is cleansed prior to confirmation as required. The comprehensive laboratory procedure from Accessioning to Confirmation is scrutinized under both the CAP (College of American Pathologists) Hair designation and the endorsement to ISO / IEC 17025 criteria.
Advantages of hair drug testing:
Limitations:
Note: While commonly termed as "hair follicle tests", the examination analyzes the hair strand rather than the follicle beneath the scalp
Why Hair Follicle Testing Beats Urine Testing in Pilot Knob, MO
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