Urine| Hair Follicle | Oral Fluid | Blood | ETG
Hair analysis is increasingly recognized as an effective means for detecting substance use, both alcohol and drugs. This method leverages hair's ability to preserve traces of substances over extended periods by embedding biomarkers within the strands. A sample taken nearest the scalp can offer a detection period of roughly three months for both alcohol and drugs. Collecting hair is straightforward, tampering proves challenging, and shipping it is uncomplicated.
Gathering a 1.5-inch segment consisting of approximately 200 hairs (resembling a #2 pencil in thickness) from near the scalp will yield 100mg of hair, which is ideal for both screening and confirmation. For evaluations involving EtG, supplements, and/or tests exceeding 10 panels, a specimen of 150mg is advised. It's recommended to weigh the sample using a jeweler’s scale. If head hair is unavailable, a comparable quantity of body hair can be used. Mention of head hair specifically refers to scalp hair, while body hair encompasses other types (like facial or axillary hair).
Process Overview
The quartet of critical stages in laboratory testing for drug presence includes Accessioning, Screening, Extraction, and Confirmation.
Accessioning denotes the preliminary processing stage of a sample into a laboratory's system. This involves checking the sample's proper sealing and shipping, assigning a random LAN (Laboratory Accessioning Number), and completing any extra data input not available from an electronic chain of custody system.
Screening executes an initial swift assessment for addictive substances. While Screening is cost-efficient for excluding drug use in most samples, a positive result must undergo confirmation to be valid in legal settings. Any samples initially suspected positive in Screening require secondary confirmation.
When Screening suggests a positive result, additional hair is drawn from the initial sample and readied for Extraction. At this phase, drugs are extracted from hair at much lesser concentrations than other methods (such as urine or oral fluid), explaining why hair drug screening is complex.
Confirming any positive screening outcome happens through GC/MS, GC/MS/MS, or LC/MS/MS. Every suspected positive sample undergoes washing before confirmation as necessary. The full lab process from Accessioning through Confirmation is examined under both the CAP (College of American Pathologists) Hair designation and accreditation to ISO / IEC 17025 standards.
Advantages of hair drug testing:
Limitations:
Note: Although commonly called "hair follicle tests", the analysis targets the hair shaft rather than the follicle beneath the scalp
Why Hair Follicle Testing Beats Urine Testing in Limestone, MT
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