Urine| Hair Follicle | Oral Fluid | Blood | ETG
Hair testing is increasingly recognized as an effective method to identify drug and alcohol use. It offers a long-term record by embedding biomarkers within the fibers of hair strands as they grow. When collected from near the scalp, hair can offer a detection period of up to approximately three months for alcohol and other drugs. This method is easy to collect, somewhat resistant to tampering, and simple to transport.
A sample measuring 1.5 inches long and consisting of around 200 hair strands (roughly the width of a #2 pencil) is ideal, weighing about 100mg for initial screening and confirmation. For EtG or tests exceeding 10 panels, a 150mg sample is suggested. It’s advisable to use a jeweler's scale for specimen measurement. In the absence of scalp hair, body hair can be substituted in equal amounts. "Head hair" refers specifically to scalp hair, while "body hair" encompasses all other types (facial, axillary, etc.).
Process Overview
The key stages in laboratory processing a drug test are Accessioning, Screening, Extraction, and Confirmation.
Accessioning marks the initial step where a sample is processed into a lab’s system. This procedure verifies the sample's proper sealing and shipping, assigns a random LAN (Laboratory Accessioning Number), and completes any further data entry, not included in an electronic chain of custody system.
Screening is a quick initial evaluation for drugs. This step is cost-effective for eliminating drug usage in most samples; however, a positive result must be confirmed to be court-admissible. Presumptively positive samples from this step require additional confirmation.
For samples testing presumptive positive in Screening, more hair is extracted from the original specimen for the Extraction stage. Here, drugs are extracted from hair at lower concentrations than other methods (like urine or oral fluid), which is why hair drug testing is the most challenging technique to execute.
Confirmation of any presumptive positive screening result employs GC/MS, GC/MS/MS, or LC/MS/MS methods. Before confirmation, all presumptive positive samples are washed as necessary. The complete laboratory process from Accessioning to Confirmation undergoes review under the CAP (College of American Pathologists) Hair designation, adhering to ISO / IEC 17025 standards.
Advantages of hair drug testing:
Limitations:
Note: Though often termed "hair follicle tests", the analysis actually focuses on the hair strand rather than the scalp’s hair follicle.
Why Hair Follicle Testing Beats Urine Testing
Extended Detection Window
Tamper-Resistant Testing Method
Convenient Nationwide Testing Locations
Simple, Confidential Process
Affordable Pricing and Fast Turnaround
Fast, Accurate, and Reliable Results
Compliance and Peace of Mind for Employers