Urine| Hair Follicle | Oral Fluid | Blood | ETG
Hair analysis is now acknowledged as a vital method for identifying drug and alcohol consumption. Hair traps biomarkers within the fibers of the developing hair strand, offering an extensive timeline of alcohol and drug use. When taken near the scalp, hair allows for up to a roughly three-month detection period for drugs and alcohol. Collecting hair is straightforward, moderately resistant to tampering, and simple to transport.
A sample measuring 1.5 inches, consisting of around 200 hair strands (approximately the thickness of a #2 pencil) nearest to the scalp, will produce 100mg of hair, which is the optimal sample size for testing and verification. For EtG extensions, and/or testing exceeding 10 panels, a 150mg sample is advisable. We suggest using a jeweler’s scale to weigh the sample. Should scalp hair be inaccessible, a comparable quantity of body hair may be gathered. References to head hair pertain strictly to scalp hair, while body hair includes all other types (e.g., facial, axillary).
Process Overview
The key stages in processing a drug test result in a lab are Accessioning, Screening, Extraction, and Confirmation.
Accessioning involves entering a sample into a lab’s system straightforwardly. This entails checking that the sample was sealed and sent correctly, allocating a random LAN (Laboratory Accessioning Number), and finalizing any additional data entry not included by an electronic custody record.
Screening comprises a primary rapid inspection for drugs. While Screening is a budget-friendly means to exclude drug use on most samples, a positive screen must be corroborated to be valid in judicial settings. Any samples showing a presumptive positive outcome in Screening necessitate further confirmation.
Should a sample show a presumptive positive in the Screening phase, additional hair is extracted from the initial sample for Extraction. Here, drugs are withdrawn from hair at a significantly lesser concentration than seen with other methods (e.g., urine or oral fluid), which is why hair drug testing is the most intricate method to undertake.
Confirmation for any positive screen result is executed through GC/MS, GC/MS/MS, or LC/MS/MS. All presumptively positive samples undergo washing before confirmation as needed. The complete lab process from Accessioning to Confirmation is examined under the CAP (College of American Pathologists) Hair criteria and the approval to ISO / IEC 17025 standards.
Advantages of hair drug testing:
Limitations:
Note: Although commonly referred to as "hair follicle tests", the examination focuses on the hair strand, not the follicle beneath the scalp.
In Coward, SC, hair follicle testing presents a notable advantage over traditional urine tests. Benefits include superior detection capabilities and reliability.
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