Urine| Hair Follicle | Oral Fluid | Blood | ETG
The use of hair testing has emerged as an effective method for identifying alcohol and drug consumption. Hair captures long-term substance use history by embedding biomarkers within the fibers of the hair shaft as it grows. When collected from near the scalp, hair can offer an alcohol and drug detection period of up to three months. Collecting hair is straightforward, challenging to tamper with, and simple to transport.
Obtaining a 1.5-inch section consisting of around 200 hair strands (approximating the width of a #2 pencil) nearest to the scalp yields 100mg of hair, which is ideal for screening and confirmation. For EtG assessments, add-ons, or tests beyond 10 panels, a specimen weight of 150mg is suggested. It's advisable to use a jeweler’s scale for weighing. If scapular hair is inaccessible, an equivalent quantity of body hair can be obtained. When we mention head hair, it specifically refers to scalp hair. Body hair envelopes all other types of hair (including facial, axillary, etc.).
Process Overview
The core phases involved in processing a drug test in a lab include Accessioning, Screening, Extraction, and Confirmation.
During Accessioning, a sample is initially integrated into a lab's system, which involves ensuring the sample was sealed and transported correctly, generating a random LAN (Laboratory Accessioning Number), and completing any data entry that an electronic chain of custody system hasn't provided.
Screening consists of an initial rapid examination for drugs of abuse. Though Screening is cost-efficient for negating drug use in most samples, a positive screen requires confirmation for legal admissibility. Samples showing presumptive positivity in Screening require a follow-up confirmation.
Should a Screening suggest presumptive positivity, more hair is extracted from the initial sample for the Extraction phase. Here, drugs are extracted from hair at significantly lower concentrations in comparison to other methodologies (e.g., urine or oral fluid). This makes hair drug screening notably challenging.
Confirmation for positive screen results is executed through GC/MS, GC/MS/MS, or LC/MS/MS. Prior to confirmation, all samples with presumptive positivity are washed as required. The complete lab procedure from Accessioning to Confirmation undergoes review beneath both the CAP (College of American Pathologists) Hair category along with ISO / IEC 17025 accreditation standards.
Hair Drug Testing Advantages:
Drawbacks:
Note: Despite often being referred to as "hair follicle tests," this test examines the hair strand rather than the follicle beneath the scalp.
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