Frederick, MD Facts, Population, Income, Demographics, Economy

Median Age: 38.5 years

Land Area: 20.4 square miles.

Zip Codes: 21705

Median Incomes:
      Estimated median household income in 2017: $73,457 (it was $47,700 in 2000)
      Estimated per capita income in 2017: $37,432 (it was $23,053 in 2000)
      Estimated median house or condo value in 2017: $275,900 (it was $134,300 in 2000) Frederick:$275,900MD:$312,500

Races:
      White alone - 38,601 - 54.1%
      Black alone - 13,214 - 18.5%
      Hispanic - 9,401 - 13.2%
      Asian alone - 6,489 - 9.1%
      Two or more races - 2,368 - 3.3%
      American Indian alone - 372 - 0.5%
      Native Hawaiian and Other
>Pacific Islander alone - 101 - 0.1%

Schley's group was among the many Pennsylvania Dutch (ethnic Germans) (as well as Scots-Irish and French and later Irish) who migrated south and westward in the late-18th century. Frederick was an important stop along the migration route that became known as the Great Wagon Road, which came down from Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and Emmitsburg, Maryland and continued south following the Great Appalachian Valley through Winchester and Roanoke, Virginia. Another important route continued along the Potomac River from near Frederick, to Hagerstown, where it split. One branch crossed the Potomac River near Martinsburg, West Virginia and continued down into the Shenandoah valley. The other continued west to Cumberland, Maryland and ultimately crossed the Appalachian Mountains into the watershed of the Ohio River. Thus, British General Edward Braddock marched his troops (including the youthful George Washington) west in 1755 through Frederick on the way to their fateful ambush near Fort Duquesne (later Fort Pitt, then Pittsburgh) during the French and Indian War. However, the British after the Proclamation of 1763 restricted that westward migration route until after the American Revolutionary War. Other westward migrants continued south from Frederick to Roanoke along the Great Wagon Road, crossing the Appalachians into Kentucky and Tennessee at the Cumberland Gap near the Virginia/North Carolina border.

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Recognitions and Certifications

Accredited Drug Testing has been recognized as one of the "Top 10 drug testing companies" for excellent customer service and we have received TPA Accreditation from the National Drug and Alcohol Screening Association. We are active in all drug testing industry associations and our staff are trained and certified as drug and alcohol testing specialists.

Important Links

National Drug and Alcohol Screening Association (https://ndasa.com/)

National Drug Free Workplace Alliance (https://www.ndwa.org/)

Substance Abuse Program Administrators Association (https://www.sapaa.com/)

Substance Abuse Mental Health Safety Administration (https://www.samhsa.gov/)

US Drug Enforcement Administration (https://www.dea.gov/)

Office of Drug alcohol Policy Control (https://www.transportation.gov/odapc)

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DOT Drug Testing Locations Frederick, MD

Our Local DOT Drug testing facilities in Frederick, MD and the surrounding areas provide DOT Drug Testing, DOT Alcohol Testing, DOT Physicals, Consortium enrollment and other DOT services for Employers, Single operators and all DOT modes who are required to comply with 49 CFR Part 40 in Frederick, MD including FMCSA, FTA, FAA, USCG, FRA and PHMSA . Testing centers are within minutes of your home or office and same day service is available in most cases.

Scheduling a DOT test is Fast and Easy, call our scheduling department or schedule your test online 24/7

* You must register by phone or online to receive your donor pass/registration prior to proceeding to the testing center.

400 W 7TH ST 0.7 miles

400 W 7TH ST
FREDERICK, MD 21701
Categories: FREDERICK MD

915 Toll House Ave Ste 203, 0.9 miles

915 Toll House Ave Ste 203,
Frederick, MD 21701
Categories: Frederick MD

490 PROSPECT BLVD STE L 1.1 miles

490 PROSPECT BLVD STE L
FREDERICK, MD 21701
Categories: FREDERICK MD

1560 Opossumtown Pike Ste A-22, 1.6 miles

1560 Opossumtown Pike Ste A-22,
Frederick, MD 21702
Categories: Frederick MD

141 THOMAS JOHNSON DR STE 100 2.0 miles

141 THOMAS JOHNSON DR STE 100
FREDERICK, MD 21702
Categories: FREDERICK MD

205 CENTER STREET, SUITE 204 14.1 miles

205 CENTER STREET, SUITE 204
MOUNT AIRY, MD 21771
Categories: MOUNT AIRY MD

ON-SITE ONLY 16.2 miles

ON-SITE ONLY
Boonsboro, MD 21713
Categories: Boonsboro MD

301 WATERSVILLE RD 16.8 miles

301 WATERSVILLE RD
MOUNT AIRY, MD 21771
Categories: MOUNT AIRY MD

20528 Boland Farm Rd Ste 205, 17.5 miles

20528 Boland Farm Rd Ste 205,
Germantown, MD 20876
Categories: Germantown MD

19785 CRYSTAL ROCK DR, STE 308 18.0 miles

19785 CRYSTAL ROCK DR, STE 308
GERMANTOWN, MD 20874
Categories: GERMANTOWN MD

19785 CRYSTAL ROCK DR 18.0 miles

19785 CRYSTAL ROCK DR
GERMANTOWN, MD 20874
Categories: GERMANTOWN MD

12321 MIDDLEBROOK RD 18.3 miles

12321 MIDDLEBROOK RD
GERMANTOWN, MD 20874
Categories: GERMANTOWN MD

11110 MEDICAL CAMPUS RD STE 145 20.2 miles

11110 MEDICAL CAMPUS RD STE 145
HAGERSTOWN, MD 21742
Categories: HAGERSTOWN MD

1826 DUAL HWY 20.3 miles

1826 DUAL HWY
HAGERSTOWN, MD 21740
Categories: HAGERSTOWN MD

1741 DUAL HWY STE A 20.4 miles

1741 DUAL HWY STE A
HAGERSTOWN, MD 21740
Categories: HAGERSTOWN MD

803 RUSSELL AVE 20.9 miles

803 RUSSELL AVE
GAITHERSBURG, MD 20879
Categories: GAITHERSBURG MD

952 EDWARDS FERRY RD NE 21.9 miles

952 EDWARDS FERRY RD NE
LEESBURG, VA 20176
Categories: LEESBURG VA

8945 N WESTLAND DR 22.2 miles

8945 N WESTLAND DR
GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877
Categories: GAITHERSBURG MD

431 N FREDERICK AVE GAITHERSBURG 22.2 miles

431 N FREDERICK AVE GAITHERSBURG
GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877
Categories: GAITHERSBURG MD

51 CATOCTIN CIR NE 22.2 miles

51 CATOCTIN CIR NE
LEESBURG, VA 20176
Categories: LEESBURG VA

332 MILL ST 22.3 miles

332 MILL ST
HAGERSTOWN, MD 21740
Categories: HAGERSTOWN MD

338 MILL ST 22.3 miles

338 MILL ST
HAGERSTOWN, MD 21740
Categories: HAGERSTOWN MD

211 S King St Suite C, 22.4 miles

211 S King St Suite C,
Leesburg, VA 20175
Categories: Leesburg VA

222 CATOCTIN CIR,SE, STE 100 22.4 miles

222 CATOCTIN CIR,SE, STE 100
LEESBURG, VA 20175
Categories: LEESBURG VA

10715 DOWNSVILLE PIKE 22.7 miles

10715 DOWNSVILLE PIKE
HAGERSTOWN, MD 21740
Categories: HAGERSTOWN MD

1075 SHERMAN AVE STE E 23.0 miles

1075 SHERMAN AVE STE E
HAGERSTOWN, MD 21740
Categories: HAGERSTOWN MD

19426 LEITERSBURG PIKE 23.3 miles

19426 LEITERSBURG PIKE
HAGERSTOWN, MD 21742
Categories: HAGERSTOWN MD

84 SOMERSET BLVD 23.9 miles

84 SOMERSET BLVD
CHARLES TOWN, WV 25414
Categories: CHARLES TOWN WV

1000 LIBERTY RD STE 102 24.1 miles

1000 LIBERTY RD STE 102
ELDERSBURG, MD 21784
Categories: ELDERSBURG MD

844 WASHINGTON RD, STE 203 24.2 miles

844 WASHINGTON RD, STE 203
WESTMINSTER, MD 21157
Categories: WESTMINSTER MD

14800 PHYSICIANS LN STE 131 24.3 miles

14800 PHYSICIANS LN STE 131
ROCKVILLE, MD 20850
Categories: ROCKVILLE MD

826 WASHINGTON RD 24.3 miles

826 WASHINGTON RD
WESTMINSTER, MD 21157
Categories: WESTMINSTER MD

15225 Shady Grove Road, Suite 207 24.3 miles

15225 Shady Grove Road, Suite 207
Rockville, MD 20850
Categories: Rockville MD

2105 E MAIN ST 24.5 miles

2105 E MAIN ST
WAYNESBORO, PA 17268
Categories: WAYNESBORO PA

15005 SHADY GROVE RD Ste 450 24.6 miles

15005 SHADY GROVE RD Ste 450
ROCKVILLE, MD 20850
Categories: ROCKVILLE MD

9707 Medical Center Dr Ste 120, 24.6 miles

9707 Medical Center Dr Ste 120,
Rockville, MD 20850
Categories: Rockville MD

2 LYNDHURST CT 24.7 miles

2 LYNDHURST CT
STERLING, VA 20165
Categories: STERLING VA

501 E MAIN ST 24.7 miles

501 E MAIN ST
WAYNESBORO, PA 17268
Categories: WAYNESBORO PA

222 Washington Road, 24.7 miles

222 Washington Road,
Westminster, MD 21157
Categories: Westminster MD

307 E POTOMAC ST RT 11 24.8 miles

307 E POTOMAC ST RT 11
WILLIAMSPORT, MD 21795
Categories: WILLIAMSPORT MD

13424 PENNSYLVANIA AVE STE 103 24.8 miles

13424 PENNSYLVANIA AVE STE 103
HAGERSTOWN, MD 21742
Categories: HAGERSTOWN MD

226 WASHINGTON HTS MED CTR A 24.9 miles

226 WASHINGTON HTS MED CTR A
WESTMINSTER, MD 21157
Categories: WESTMINSTER MD

626 E Main St, 25.0 miles

626 E Main St,
Waynesboro, PA 17268
Categories: Waynesboro PA

(Don't see a DOT drug testing location near you, call us at (800) 221-4291)

Accredited Drug Testing can schedule your DOT drug test at any of our Frederick, MD Drug testing locations, Call us Today!

"When you need a test, choose the best"

(800) 221-4291

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How to schedule a DOT drug test in Frederick, MD

To schedule any type of DOT drug test or alcohol test in Frederick, MD call our local scheduling department at (800) 221-4291. You may also schedule your DOT drug test online utilizing our express scheduling registration system by selecting your test and completing the Donor Information/Registration Section. You must register for the test prior to proceeding to the testing center.

The zip code you enter will be used to determine the closest DOT drug or DOT alcohol testing center which performs the type of test you have selected. A donor pass/registration form with the local testing center address, hours of operation and instructions will be sent to the e-mail address you provided. Take this form with you or have it available on your smart phone to provide to the testing center. No appointment is necessary in most cases. However, you must complete the donor information section and pay for the test at the time of registration.

Our laboratories are SAMHSA certified and all test results are verified by our in-house licensed physicians who serve as Medical Review Officers (MRO).

In addition to providing DOT drug testing and DOT breath alcohol testing in Frederick, MD , Accredited Drug Testing also has additional testing centers throughout the metropolitan area and surrounding cities.

On the road or on vacation, no worries, Accredited Drug Testing has over 20,000 testing centers in all cities Nationwide and we can schedule your test, ANYWHERE, ANYTIME!

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What are the DOT drug testing requirements?

In 1991, the Omnibus Transportation Employee Testing Act created the following DOT Agencies which established drug and alcohol testing regulations to ensure that aircraft, trains, trucks, and buses were operated in a safe and responsible manner. As an employer or individual operating in a "Safety Sensitive" position, it is important to understand how these regulations impact you.

49 CFR Part 40 (commonly known as part 40) explains:

  • How drug and alcohol testing is conducted
  • Who is authorized to participate in the drug and alcohol testing program
  • What employees must do before they may return to duty after a drug and/or alcohol violation

Each DOT Agency and the USCG have specific regulations that cover:

  • The agency's prohibitions on drug and alcohol use
  • Who is subject to comply with these regulations
  • What type of testing is required
  • When testing is required
  • Consequences of non-compliance

FMCSA Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse

The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) amended its rule that would establish requirements for commercial driver's license employers and individuals with regards to the drug and alcohol clearing house which will take affect on January 6, 2020.

The FMCSA Clearinghouse is a secure online database that will allow employers, the FMCSA, State Driver Licensing Agencies, State Law Enforcement and individual CDL operators to access real time important information about a CDL Driver's drug and alcohol program violations and the ultimate goal of this database is to enhance safety on our Nation's public roadways.

For specific requirements, click the appropriate agency listed below in which you or your company is regulated by. Ask about our DOT Complete Compliance Package!

The Opioid Overdose Crisis

Every day, more than 130 people in the United States die after overdosing on opioids. The misuse of and addiction to opioids,including prescription pain relievers, heroin, and synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, is a serious national crisis that affects public health as well as social and economic welfare. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that the total "economic burden" of prescription opioid misuse alone in the United States is $78.5 billion a year, including the costs of healthcare, lost productivity, addiction treatment, and criminal justice involvement.

  • Roughly 21 to 29 percent of patients prescribed opioids for chronic pain misuse them.
  • Between 8 and 12 percent develop an opioid use disorder.
  • An estimated 4 to 6 percent who misuse prescription opioids transition to heroin.
  • About 80 percent of people who use heroin first misused prescription opioids.
  • Opioid overdoses increased 30 percent from July 2016 through September 2017 in 52 areas in 45 states.
  • The Midwestern region saw opioid overdoses increase 70 percent from July 2016 through September 2017.
  • Opioid overdoses in large cities increase by 54 percent in 16 states.

In the late 1990s, pharmaceutical companies reassured the medical community that patients would not become addicted to prescription opioid pain relievers, and healthcare providers began to prescribe them at greater rates. This subsequently led to widespread diversion and misuse of these medications before it became clear that these medications could indeed be highly addictive.3,4 Opioid overdose rates began to increase. In 2017, more than 47,000 Americans died as a result of an opioid overdose, including prescription opioids, heroin, and illicitly manufactured fentanyl, a powerful synthetic opioid.1That same year, an estimated 1.7 million people in the United States suffered from substance use disorders related to prescription opioid pain relievers, and 652,000 suffered from a heroin use disorder (not mutually exclusive)

DOT Compliance Checklist in Frederick, MD

DOT 49 CFR Part 40 Requirements for Safety Sensitive Employees.
(FMCSA-FAA-USCG-FRA-PHMSA-FTA)

  • Pre-Employment Tests
  • Correct Federal Custody & Control Form (CCF)
  • Substance Abuse Professional Process
  • Regulations on File
  • Random Pool Testing
  • *Supervisor Training
  • *Written Policy
  • Post-Accident Testing Situations
  • Previous Employers Checks
  • Employee Education
  • Record Keeping
  • Removal of covered Employee
  • Designated Employer Representative

* In addition, any company which employs 2 or more covered employees must have a written drug and alcohol policy and all supervisors must complete the DOT Supervisor Reasonable Suspicion Training. (Click here to learn more about our online training programs)

If a DOT covered employee or company does not have a copy of the original pre-employment drug test with a negative result, then a new DOT pre-employment drug test must be conducted, and the result maintained on file.

The department of transportation (DOT) requires that all DOT regulated "safety sensitive" employees have on file a negative DOT pre-employment drug test result and be a member of a DOT approved random selection consortium. In addition, if a DOT regulated company has more than one "safety sensitive" employee, the employer must also have a written DOT drug and alcohol policy and an on-site supervisor must have completed supervisor training for reasonable suspicion of illegal drug use or impairment.

To be compliant with DOT regulations, a company's DOT drug and alcohol testing program must have the following components. Failing to comply can result in significant fines and penalties.

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What is a DOT Drug Test in Frederick, MD ?

On January 1, 2018 the Department of Transportation (DOT) issued a new rule which altered the DOT 5 panel urine test. Employers and individuals should be aware that the current DOT drug test is still a urine drug test, collected by qualified collectors, analyzed at a SAMHSA certified laboratory and reviewed by a licensed Medical Review Officer. Below you will find a list of the drugs that are screened for in the DOT 5 panel urine drug test:

  • Marijuana (THC)
  • Cocaine
  • Amphetamines
  • Opioids**
  • Phencyclidine (PCP)
  • ** Special note: Opioids' was previously called Opiates' and all DOT drug tests will continue to include confirmation testing for Codeine, Morphine, and 6-AM (heroin) when necessary.

    In the January rule change, the Department of Transportation (DOT) also added initial screening and confirmation testing for the semi-synthetic opioids Hydrocodone, Hydromorphone, Oxycodone, and Oxymorphone to this Opioids group

    When is a DOT drug test required in Frederick, MD ?

    All safety sensitive employees regardless of DOT agency are required for the following drug testing and/or alcohol testing based on each situation:

    • Pre-employment
    • Random
    • Reasonable suspicion
    • Return to Duty
    • Post-Accident
    • Follow Up

What is DOT pre employment testing in Frederick, MD ?

As a new hire or a current employee transferring from a non-safety sensitive function into a safety sensitive function (even with the same employer), you are required to submit to a DOT pre employment drug test.

Some employers may, but are not required to, conduct pre employment alcohol testing. Only after your employer receives a negative pre employment DOT drug test result (and negative alcohol test result - if administered) may you begin performing in a safety-sensitive capacity.

What is random DOT Drug Testing in Frederick, MD ?

All safety sensitive employees are subject to unannounced random drug & alcohol testing. Alcohol testing is administered just prior to, during or just after performing safety-sensitive functions. Depending on the industry specific regulations, you may only be subject to random drug testing.

Listed below are the current (2019) DOT random testing rates for each DOT agency.

The following chart outlines the annual minimum drug and alcohol random testing rates established within DOT Agencies and the USCG for 2019.
DOT Agency 2019 Random Drug Testing Rate 2019 Random Alcohol Testing Rate
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
[FMCSA]
25% 10%
Federal Aviation Administration
[FAA]
25% 10%
Federal Railroad Administration
[FRA]
25% - Covered Service
50% - Maintenance of Way *
10% - Covered Service
25% - Maintenance of Way *
Federal Transit Administration
[FTA]
50% 10%
United States Coast Guard
[USCG]
(with the Dept. of Homeland Security)
50% N/A
The following chart outlines the annual minimum drug and alcohol random testing rates established within DOT Agencies and the USCG for 2019.
DOT Agency
2019 Random Drug Testing Rate
2019 Random Alcohol Testing Rate
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration [FMCSA]
25%
10%
Federal Aviation Administration [FAA]
25%
10%
Federal Railroad Administration [FRA]
25% - Covered Service / 50% - Maintenance of Way *
10% - Covered Service / 25% - Maintenance of Way *
Federal Transit Administration [FTA]
50%
10%
United States Coast Guard [USCG]
(with the Dept. of Homeland Security)
50%
N/A

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What is reasonable suspicion DOT drug testing in Frederick, MD ?

Safety sensitive individuals and employees are required to submit to any test (whether it is a drug test, alcohol test or both) that a supervisor requests based on reasonable suspicion. Reasonable suspicion means that one or more trained supervisors reasonably believes or suspects that you are under the influence of drugs or alcohol. Supervisors cannot require testing based on a hunch or guess alone; their suspicion must be based on observations concerning your appearance, behavior, speech and smell that are usually associated with drug or alcohol use

What is return to duty DOT Drug Testing in Frederick, MD ?

If you have violated the prohibited drug & alcohol testing rules, you are required to take a return to duty drug and/or alcohol test before being allowed to return to a safety-sensitive function for any DOT regulated employer. You may also be subject to unannounced follow-up testing for at least 6 times in the first 12 months following your return to active safety-sensitive service.

Return-to-duty tests must be conducted under direct observation.

What is DOT post accident drug testing Frederick, MD ?

If you are involved in an event (accident, crash, etc.) meeting certain criteria of the DOT agency, a post-accident drug test will be required. In most cases you will then have to take a drug and alcohol test if you are involved in a qualifying crash. Each DOT agency may have specific rules with regards to what is a post-accident test, for example, the FRA requires a blood specimen for drug testing and an alcohol test.

If you are involved in a qualifying accident, you are required to remain available for this testing and are not permitted to refuse testing.

Remember: Safety-sensitive employees are obligated by law to submit to and cooperate in drug & alcohol testing mandated by DOT regulations.

What is DOT follow up drug testing Frederick, MD ?

DOT follow up testing occurs when an individual has violated the drug and alcohol testing rules. The amount of follow-up testing you receive is determined by a Substance Abuse Professional (SAP) and may continue for up to 5 years. This means the SAP will determine how many times you will be tested (at least 6 times in the first year), for how long, and for what substance (i.e. drugs, alcohol, or both). Your employer is responsible for ensuring that follow-up testing is conducted and completed. Follow up testing is in addition to all other DOT required testing and all follow-up tests will be observed. For more information on the SAP process or to locate a Substance Abuse Professional in Frederick, MD simply call us at (800)221-4291

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DOT Drug Testing Services Frederick, MD

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For more information regarding the effects of drug abuse - Click Here

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Local Area Info: Frederick, Maryland

Frederick is a city in, and the county seat of, Frederick County in the U.S. state of Maryland. It is part of the Baltimore–Washington Metropolitan Area. Frederick has long been an important crossroads, located at the intersection of a major north–south Indian trail and east–west routes to the Chesapeake Bay, both at Baltimore and what became Washington, D.C. and across the Appalachian mountains to the Ohio River watershed. It is a part of the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of a greater Washington-Baltimore-Arlington, DC-MD-VA-WV-PA Combined Statistical Area. The city's population was 65,239 people at the 2010 United States Census, making it the second-largest incorporated city in Maryland, behind Baltimore. Frederick is home to Frederick Municipal Airport (IATA: FDK), which accommodates general aviation, and to the county's largest employer U.S. Army's Fort Detrick bioscience/communications research installation.

Located where Catoctin Mountain (the easternmost ridge of the Blue Ridge mountains) meets the rolling hills of the Piedmont region, the Frederick area became a crossroads even before European explorers and traders arrived. Native American hunters possibly including the Susquehannocks, the Algonquian-speaking Shawnee, or the Seneca or Tuscarora or other members of the Iroquois Confederation) followed the Monocacy River from the Susquehanna River watershed in Pennsylvania to the Potomac River watershed and the lands of the more agrarian and maritime Algonquian peoples, particularly the Lenape of the Delaware valley or the Piscataway and Powhatan of the lower Potomac watershed and Chesapeake Bay. This became known as the Monocacy Trail or even the Great Indian Warpath, with some travelers continuing southward through the "Great Appalachian Valley" (Shenandoah Valley, etc.) to the western Piedmont in North Carolina, or traveling down other watersheds in Virginia toward the Chesapeake Bay, such as those of the Rappahannock, James and York Rivers.

The earliest European settlement was slightly north of Frederick in Monocacy, Maryland. Founded before 1730, when the Indian trail became a wagon road, Monocacy was abandoned before the American Revolutionary War, perhaps due to the river's periodic flooding or hostilities predating the French and Indian War, or simply Frederick's better location with easier access to the Potomac River near its confluence with the Monocacy.

Show Regional Data

Median Age: 38.5 years

Land Area: 20.4 square miles.

Zip Codes: 21705

Median Incomes:
      Estimated median household income in 2017: $73,457 (it was $47,700 in 2000)
      Estimated per capita income in 2017: $37,432 (it was $23,053 in 2000)
      Estimated median house or condo value in 2017: $275,900 (it was $134,300 in 2000) Frederick:$275,900MD:$312,500

Races:
      White alone - 38,601 - 54.1%
      Black alone - 13,214 - 18.5%
      Hispanic - 9,401 - 13.2%
      Asian alone - 6,489 - 9.1%
      Two or more races - 2,368 - 3.3%
      American Indian alone - 372 - 0.5%
      Native Hawaiian and Other
>Pacific Islander alone - 101 - 0.1%

Schley's group was among the many Pennsylvania Dutch (ethnic Germans) (as well as Scots-Irish and French and later Irish) who migrated south and westward in the late-18th century. Frederick was an important stop along the migration route that became known as the Great Wagon Road, which came down from Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and Emmitsburg, Maryland and continued south following the Great Appalachian Valley through Winchester and Roanoke, Virginia. Another important route continued along the Potomac River from near Frederick, to Hagerstown, where it split. One branch crossed the Potomac River near Martinsburg, West Virginia and continued down into the Shenandoah valley. The other continued west to Cumberland, Maryland and ultimately crossed the Appalachian Mountains into the watershed of the Ohio River. Thus, British General Edward Braddock marched his troops (including the youthful George Washington) west in 1755 through Frederick on the way to their fateful ambush near Fort Duquesne (later Fort Pitt, then Pittsburgh) during the French and Indian War. However, the British after the Proclamation of 1763 restricted that westward migration route until after the American Revolutionary War. Other westward migrants continued south from Frederick to Roanoke along the Great Wagon Road, crossing the Appalachians into Kentucky and Tennessee at the Cumberland Gap near the Virginia/North Carolina border.

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